Breakthroughs in Solid-State EV Batteries Propel China’s Advances
In the quest for electric vehicles with longer ranges and faster charging times, China’s latest scientific achievements in all-solid-state battery technology may mark a significant turning point. A series of innovations by Chinese researchers could help overcome the obstacles that have stalled the mass production of this next-generation battery technology.
Global Efforts in EV Battery Innovation
As the world races towards the future of electric vehicles, automakers, startups, and battery manufacturers are striving to bring all-solid-state batteries to market. These batteries replace the liquid electrolyte present in traditional lithium-ion batteries with a solid one, offering potential benefits in terms of performance and safety.
Despite their promise, manufacturing all-solid-state batteries on a large scale has been challenging, primarily due to the difficulty in finding a suitable solid electrolyte that offers high conductivity without cracking.
Solid sulfide-based electrolytes, commonly explored, present issues of fragility and poor conductivity. Additionally, sourcing and mass-producing these materials can be cost-prohibitive.
In China, a collaborative effort among scientists, universities, and research institutions aims to push forward the development of all-solid-state EV batteries. According to China Central Television (CCTV), notable breakthroughs have been made.
Key Technological Advancements
The first breakthrough involves the development of “special glue” or iodine ions by the Institute of Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. These ions act as guides, enhancing the bond between the electrode and electrolyte by attracting lithium ions.
The second advancement, termed “flexible transformation,” was achieved by the Institute of Metal Research and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Researchers developed a polymer-based “skeleton” for the electrolyte that can bend extensively without breaking, potentially increasing battery storage capacity by 86%.
Finally, Tsinghua University introduced “Fluoro Reinforcement,” utilizing fluorinated polyether materials to create a protective layer on the electrolyte surface. This innovation has passed rigorous tests, including exposure to high temperatures.
These breakthroughs could potentially enable a 100 kg battery pack to power an electric vehicle for over 1,000 km (620 miles) on a single charge, according to CCTV.
Global Implications and Future Prospects
China’s dominance in the EV battery market is well-established, with companies like CATL and BYD leading the way. The recent advancements could further solidify their position in the global market.
Already, SAIC MG has launched the “world’s first mass-produced semi-solid-state” EV, the MG4, taking a step into the future of transportation. Meanwhile, international competitors like Mercedes-Benz and Toyota are also making strides with solid-state battery technology, indicating a rapidly evolving landscape.
Looking forward, CATL and BYD plan to introduce solid-state batteries by 2027, with mass production anticipated by the decade’s end.
Source: CarNewsChina, CCTV
Original Story at electrek.co