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Can Mussels Help Clean Our Polluted Streams?

Researchers in Northern Virginia are using native mussel species to restore degraded streambeds and combat pollution.
A researcher inspects buckets containing transported freshwater mussels in a clear stream.

Researchers Use Native Mussels to Revitalize Northern Virginia Streambeds

Wed, 2024-10-02 02:00

A researcher inspects buckets containing transported freshwater mussels in a clear stream.

A researcher inspects buckets of freshwater mussels waiting to be released into their new home. | Photo courtesy of Ashley L. Conti and Colby University

Aquatic ecologist Denise Bruesewitz releases freshwater mussels into a Northern Virginia streambed, hoping these unassuming mollusks will combat the rapid degradation of North America’s freshwater ecosystems. “They’re fascinating,” Bruesewitz, a Colby College professor, remarked.

Urban expansion has significantly impacted North America’s waterways, narrowing streams and eroding riverbanks. Rainfall now leads to rapid water surges, or “flashes,” which carry pollutants into streams, harming marine ecosystems.

Pollutants flow into estuaries, creating algae blooms that reduce oxygen levels. The Chesapeake Bay, the largest U.S. estuary, exemplifies this issue, repeatedly receiving low environmental health scores.

Local organizations have been physically restoring streams for 15 years, adding boulders and cobblestones to prevent erosion. Bruesewitz’s team focuses on reducing pollution by introducing native freshwater mussels, which act as natural filters.

These bivalves can filter up to 15 gallons of water daily, removing contaminants and metabolizing some pollutants. They are particularly effective against excess nitrogen, which feeds toxic algal blooms.

The southeastern U.S. hosts over 270 mussel species, but many face threats. Excessive pollution and historical harvesting have left approximately 65% of U.S. mussel species threatened, with 30 already extinct.

Last summer, Bruesewitz’s team reintroduced 1,500 adult Eastern elliptio mussels to two Reston, Virginia rivers. This builds on 2019 research where mussels were tested in restored streams. “We wanted them to find a spot where they were happiest,” said Bruesewitz.

The goal is to introduce 35,000 mussels from six species over five years to enhance filtration capacity.

Bruesewitz and collaborator Jess Jones from Virginia Tech have monitored the mussels monthly. As of June 2024, the mussels have a 98.2% survival rate.

Chris Eads, a mussel specialist at North Carolina State University, lauds the project as a promising test case for mussel reintroduction. However, challenges remain in ensuring mussels can reproduce successfully, as they rely on specific host fish.

Future plans include translocating host fish if necessary. Carla Atkinson, an aquatic ecologist at the University of Alabama, notes that while bivalve restoration upstream is promising, it requires long-term effort.

Bruesewitz’s team continues to monitor the mussels’ impact on ecosystems, hoping their work can serve as a model for national restoration efforts.

More stories about:

marine ecosystems,

saving wild places,

nature,

animals,

endangered species

Original Story at www.sierraclub.org

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Mississippi River Faces Persistent Saltwater Intrusion, Region Seeks Long-Term Solutions



For the third consecutive year, the Mississippi River is experiencing significant saltwater intrusion, prompting local communities and environmental experts to search for sustainable solutions. This recurring issue arises as the river’s flow decreases, allowing saltwater to move upstream and threaten drinking water supplies. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is actively involved in addressing this problem, employing temporary measures like saltwater barriers to mitigate the impact on affected areas.



Saltwater infiltration poses serious risks to public health and agriculture, as freshwater sources become compromised. The situation is exacerbated by prolonged periods of drought, which have reduced freshwater flow in the Mississippi River. According to the National Weather Service, drought conditions have worsened due to climate change, increasing the frequency and severity of saltwater intrusion events.



Local authorities are collaborating with federal agencies to explore permanent solutions. Among the proposed strategies are enhanced levee systems and improved water management techniques. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is evaluating the feasibility of long-term infrastructure projects to prevent further saltwater encroachment. Additionally, community leaders are advocating for increased funding to support these initiatives and safeguard the region’s water resources.



The impact of saltwater intrusion extends beyond drinking water concerns, affecting local ecosystems and agricultural productivity. Farmers in the region have reported crop damage due to elevated salinity levels in irrigation water. The Natural Resources Conservation Service is working with farmers to implement adaptive practices, such as planting salt-tolerant crops and improving soil management techniques.



As the Mississippi River continues to face challenges from saltwater intrusion, stakeholders emphasize the importance of collaborative efforts and innovative solutions. The ongoing threat underscores the need for comprehensive planning and investment to protect one of America’s most vital waterways from the impacts of climate change and environmental stressors.

November 19, 2024



Environmental activists have raised concerns over the fossil fuel sector’s significant impact on COP29, the latest United Nations Climate Change Conference. Activists argue that the industry’s presence diverts focus from critical climate actions.



The conference, designed to promote global climate agreements, faces criticism for allowing fossil fuel companies to participate extensively. Environmental groups claim these companies undermine efforts to reduce carbon emissions and transition to renewable energy sources.



According to Climate Action Network, fossil fuel representatives have increased their lobbying activities, aiming to weaken climate policies. These industries allegedly influence negotiations, leading to watered-down commitments that fail to address the urgency of climate change effectively.



Experts suggest that the influence of these companies stems from financial contributions and longstanding relationships with decision-makers. Critics argue that this affects the conference’s ability to enforce meaningful climate change regulations.



During the event, several protests highlighted the need for transparency and a stronger focus on sustainable energy solutions. Activists are calling for increased participation of renewable energy stakeholders in future conferences.



The controversy surrounding fossil fuel involvement at COP29 underscores the ongoing challenge of balancing industrial interests with the global imperative to combat climate change.



November 19, 2024